Evolution
Evolution is also known as decent of modification , it is change or improvements on society over many generations. There are different types of evolution there is environmental evolution, evolution in organisms and many different species. All life had to come from somewhere, so they changed to form the different animals we see today.
The idea of evolution first came from not Charles Darwin, but Erasmus Darwin, his grandfather. Erasmus had the basics but didn't have any facts to back up his theory. Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace then began to explore the possibility of evolution. Evolution was first theorized by Charles Darwin. Wallace had traveled and collected evidence of evolution and was on his way back to present it when the ship he was on crashed. Wallace had died and all of his work was lost. Darwin then got all the credit for the theory of evolution.
There is another theory of evolution, not just decent with modification, it is called the Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics. This theory was brought up by a man named Jean-Baptiste Lamarck, the theory was based off of giraffe's. The way he saw it was if there was a giraffe that used his neck to stretch all the time to tall branches to reach leaves then he would have a longer neck then a giraffe that ate shrubs. This long neck trait would then be passed on to the giraffe's offspring. The theory can also be called the theory of use and disuse. Evolution has so many different sections, these were just a couple of sections and examples form them.
The idea of evolution first came from not Charles Darwin, but Erasmus Darwin, his grandfather. Erasmus had the basics but didn't have any facts to back up his theory. Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace then began to explore the possibility of evolution. Evolution was first theorized by Charles Darwin. Wallace had traveled and collected evidence of evolution and was on his way back to present it when the ship he was on crashed. Wallace had died and all of his work was lost. Darwin then got all the credit for the theory of evolution.
There is another theory of evolution, not just decent with modification, it is called the Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics. This theory was brought up by a man named Jean-Baptiste Lamarck, the theory was based off of giraffe's. The way he saw it was if there was a giraffe that used his neck to stretch all the time to tall branches to reach leaves then he would have a longer neck then a giraffe that ate shrubs. This long neck trait would then be passed on to the giraffe's offspring. The theory can also be called the theory of use and disuse. Evolution has so many different sections, these were just a couple of sections and examples form them.
Evolution- True or False?
I believe evolution is true. There is so much evidence to support the theory of evolution, fossils being one of the major ones. Fossils of ancestors can have similarities to common day animals. That shows that even though those animals may look different or be of a different species they can still be related. Like the finches in the Galapagos Islands, if you look at the different types of finches and compare them to fossils you can see a lot of them had the same ancestor. The reason they look different from the ancestor is because they moved to a different area, where there were different resources and had to change (evolve) to the different climate. Also with the spotted moths, they changed color from light to dark during the industrial revolution. They changed because the trees turned black from the fossil fuels being emitted from factories. It was really easy for predators to see the light moths on a dark back round. The moths then started selectively mating with dark moths to create dark moth offspring, they would be harder to see by predators and they would have a better change to live longer. If evolution didn't occur we would still be apes.
Punctuated equilibrium vs gradualism
Charles Darwin came up with the idea of gradualism, he believed that over time organisms would start to change and evolve into new species, the complete opposite of Punctuated Equilibrium.Although on the other hand two people Eldridge and Gould proposed in 1972 that evolution happens at a much faster pace than what Darwin thought. Eldridge and Gould's theory was called Punctuated Equilibrium, the opposite of Gradualism.
a gene pool can change?
There are five different ways a gene pool can change natural selection, mutations, genetic drift, gene flow, non-random mating.
The first one, natural selection, means those that are most fit. Fit doesn't mean strong it means those best suited to their environment will survive and pass on it's genes to the next generation.
Mutations are random, random changes in the nitrogenous bases of the DNA, like if instead of A being paired with T, it's complementary base pairing, it was paired with C or G. The effects of mutations are often perceived as being bad but they can also be good or neutral. Mutations can also help an animal better survive in it's environment.
A genetic drift can also occur to change the gene pool. This means that a random event caused a species or one type of a species to become extinct. Like if a shoe stepped on all the purple bugs leaving red and white bugs. The gene pool would then be red and whit bugs with possibly some mixed.
Gene Flow is different, it is when genes get transferred from one population of a species to another population of the same species. That in turn could create a new branch in that species. Like if a blue frog moved to join the yellow frogs he would then mate and create more blue frogs in that population.
Last but not least non-random mating, when the partners are chosen depending on fitness. There are three different kinds of non-random mating. Harems, when a man has more than one female partner. Assortative mating, when mates are chosen by similarities to itself and sexual selection, the mate is chosen based on a a set criteria.
The first one, natural selection, means those that are most fit. Fit doesn't mean strong it means those best suited to their environment will survive and pass on it's genes to the next generation.
Mutations are random, random changes in the nitrogenous bases of the DNA, like if instead of A being paired with T, it's complementary base pairing, it was paired with C or G. The effects of mutations are often perceived as being bad but they can also be good or neutral. Mutations can also help an animal better survive in it's environment.
A genetic drift can also occur to change the gene pool. This means that a random event caused a species or one type of a species to become extinct. Like if a shoe stepped on all the purple bugs leaving red and white bugs. The gene pool would then be red and whit bugs with possibly some mixed.
Gene Flow is different, it is when genes get transferred from one population of a species to another population of the same species. That in turn could create a new branch in that species. Like if a blue frog moved to join the yellow frogs he would then mate and create more blue frogs in that population.
Last but not least non-random mating, when the partners are chosen depending on fitness. There are three different kinds of non-random mating. Harems, when a man has more than one female partner. Assortative mating, when mates are chosen by similarities to itself and sexual selection, the mate is chosen based on a a set criteria.